Vol. 46 (4): 523-537, July – August, 2020
doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2019.0401
REVIEW ARTICLE
José Murillo B. Netto 1, 2, Atila Victal Rondon 3, 4, Marcos Giannetti Machado 5, Miguel Zerati Filho 6, Rodrigo Lessa Pena Nascimento 7, Salvador Vilar Correa Lima 8, Adriano de Almeida Calado 9, Ubirajara Barroso Jr. 10, 11
1 Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora -UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil; 2 Hospital e Maternidade Therezinha de Jesus da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e Saúde de Juiz de Fora – HMTJ-SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil; 3 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil; 4 Hospital Federal Cardoso Fontes – HFCF, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil; 5 Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil; 6 Instituto de Urologia e Nefrologia de São José do Rio Preto – IUN, S. J. do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil; 7 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, Vitória, ES, Brasil; 8 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brasil; 9 Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo – HCFMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil; 10 Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil; 11 Escola Bahiana de Medicina – BAHIANA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) is characterized by a retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys. It is one of the most common urinary tract anomalies and the major cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the first years of life. If not properly diagnosed and treated can lead to recurrent UTI, renal scar and, in severe cases, to end stage renal disease. Despite recent advances in scientific and technological knowledge, evaluation and treatment of VUR is still controversial and there is still considerable heterogeneity in evaluation methods and therapeutic approaches.
The aim of the present consensus is to give a practical orientation on how to evaluate and treat VUR.
Methods: The board of Pediatric Urology of the Brazilian Society of Urology joined a group of experts and reviewed all important issues on Vesicoureteral Refl ux evaluation and treatment and elaborated a draft of the document. On November 2017 the panel met to review, discuss and write a consensus document.
Results and Discussion: Vesicoureteral Reflux is a common and challenging problem in children. Children presenting with Vesicoureteral Reflux require careful evaluation and treatment to avoid future urinary tract infections and kidney scars. The panel addressed recommendations on up to date choice of diagnosis evaluation and therapies.
Keywords: Vesico-Ureteral Refl ux; Urinary Tract Infections; Hydronephrosis
