Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology | SBU
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Luciano A. Favorito, MD, PhD
Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Univ. do Est. do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
EMERITUS EDITOR
Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Univ. do Est. do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Sidney Glina, MD, PhD
Disciplina de Urologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP. Brasil
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Robotics
Anuar I. Mitre
Faculdade de Medicina da USP
São Paulo, SP Brasil
Hamilton Zampolli
Divisão de Urologia, Inst.
do Câncer Arnaldo Vieira
de Carvalho, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Female Urology
Cássio Riccetto
Univ. de Est. de Campinas – UNICAMP
Campinas, SP, Brasil
Endourology and Lithiasis
Fábio C. M. Torricelli
Hosp. de Clínicas Univ. São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
General Urology
José de Bessa Jr.
Univ. Est. de Feira de Santana
Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil
Infertility
Sandro Esteves
ANDROFERT,
Clínica de Andrologia e Reprodução Humana
Campinas, SP, Brasil
Male Health
Valter Javaroni
Hosp. Fed. do Andaraí
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Uro-Oncology
Leonardo O. Reis
Univ. de Est. de Campinas – UNICAMP
Campinas, SP, Brasil
Rodolfo Borges do Reis
Fac. Med. Univ. SP Rib. Preto
Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
Stênio de C. Zequi
A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, Fundação Prudente
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Rafael Sanchez-Salas
Stephen Jarislowsky
Depart. of Surgery, Division of Urology
McGill University, Montreal, Canada
BPH and Neurourology
Cristiano Mendes Gomes
Hosp. de Clínicas Univ. São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
PEDIATRIC UROLOGY
José Murillo Bastos Netto
Univ. Federal de Juiz de Fora – UFJF
Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
Tiago E. Rosito
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre,
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
RADIOLOGY SECTION
Ronaldo H. Baroni
Hosp. Albert Einstein
São Paulo, Brasil
VIDEO SECTION
Philippe E. Spiess
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer, Center
Tampa, FL, USA
UPDATE IN UROLOGY
Alexandre Danilovic
Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Rodrigo Ribeiro Vieiralves
Hospital Federal da Lagoa
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Márcio Augusto Averbeck
Hospital Moinhos de Vento
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
João Paulo Martins Carvalho
Hospital Federal Cardoso Fontes
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Rodrigo Barros de Castro
Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF
Niterói, RJ, Brasil
CONSULTING EDITORS
A. Lopez-Beltran
Universidad de Córdoba Sch Med
Cordoba, España
A. J. Stephenson
Cleveland Clinic´s Glickman Urol.
Cleveland, OH, USA
Aderivaldo Cabral Dias Filho
Hosp. de Base do Dist. Fed. de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
Adilson Prando
Vera Cruz Hospital Campinas
Campinas, SP, Brasil
Ahmed I. El-Sakka
Suez Canal University Sch Med.
Ismailia, Egypt
Alan M. Nieder
Columbia University Miami Beach
FL, USA
Universidade de Coimbra e Hospital Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Allen F. Morey
University. Texas SW Med. Ctr.
Dallas, TX, USA
André Luiz Lima Diniz
Hospital Federal da Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Andre G. Cavalcanti
Univ. Fed. do Est. do Rio de Janeiro – Unirio, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Andreas Bohle
Helios Agnes Karll Hospital Bad
Schwartau, Germany
Andrew J. Stephenson
Cleveland Clinic’s Glickman Urological, OH, USA
Ari Adamy Jr.
Hospital Santa Casa de Curitiba
Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Arie Carneiro
Hospital Albert Einstein
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Anthony J. Schaeffer
Northwestern University Chicago
IL, USA
Antonio C. L. Pompeo
Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
Santo André, SP, Brasil
Antonio C. Westphalen
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Antonio Corrêa Lopes Neto
Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
Santo André, SP, Brasil
Antonio Macedo Jr.
Universidade Federal de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Arthur T. Rosenfield
Yale University Sch Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
Ashok Agarwal
Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Athanase Billis
Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brasil
Athanasios Papatsoris
University of Athens, Sismanoglio Hospital Athens, Greece
Barry A. Kogan
Albany Medical College Albany
NY, USA
Bianca Martins Gregorio
Univ. Estadual do Rio de Janeiro – Uerj, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Boris Chertin
Shaare Zedek Med Ctr.
Jerusalem, Israel
Bruno Marroig
Instituto D´or de Ensino, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Carlos Arturo Levi D’ancona
Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
Daniel G. DaJusta
Wayne State University
Detroit, MI, USA
Daniel Hampl
Hospital Municipal Souza Aguiar
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Diogo Benchimol De Souza
Univ. Estadual do Rio de Janeiro – Uerj, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Donna M. Peehl
Stanford University Sch. Med. Stanford, CA, USA,
Eduard Ruiz Castañe
Departement of Andrology
Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Espanhal
Eduardo Bertero
Hosp. do Servidor Público Estadual
de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Erik Busby
University of Alabama Birmingham
AL, USA
Ernani L. Rhoden
Hospital Moinhos de Vento
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
Eugene Minevich
University of Cincinnati Med. Ctr. Cincinnati, OH, USA
Evangelos N. Liatsikos
University of Patras Patras
Greece
Faruk Hadziselimovic
University of Basel, Liestal
Switzerland
Ferdinand Frauscher
Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck, Austria
Fernando G. Almeida
Univ. Fed. de São Paulo – UNIFESP
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Fernando Korkes
Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
Santo André, SP, Brasil
Fernando Secín
CEMIC Urology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Fernando Santomil
Depart. of Urol, Hosp. Privado de Comunidad Mar del Plata,
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Flavio Trigo Rocha
Faculdade de Medicina da Univ. de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Francisco T. Denes
Faculdade de Medicina da Univ. de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Franklin C. Lowe
Columbia University New York
NY, USA
Glenn M. Preminger
Duke University Medical Ctr. Durham
NC, USA
Guido Barbagli
Ctr. Uretrale e Genitali Chirurgia
Arezzo, Italia
Gustavo Cavalcanti Wanderley
Hospital Estadual Getúlio Vargas,
Recife, PE, Brasil
Gustavo F. Carvalhal
Pontifícia Universidade Católica – PUC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
Hann-Chorng Kuo
Buddhist Tzu Chi Sch Med.
Hualien, Taiwan
Herney A. Garcia-Perdomo
Universidad del Valle
Cali, CO
Homero Bruschini
Fac. de Med. da Univ. de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Hubert Swana
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children Urology Center, FL, USA
Humberto Villavicencio
Fundació Puigvert
Barcelona, Espanha
J. L. Pippi Salle
University of Toronto
Toronto, ON, Canada
Jae-Seung Paick
Seoul National University Hospital
Seoul, Korea
Jeffrey A. Cadeddu
University of Texas Southwestern
Dallas, TX, USA
Jeffrey P. Weiss
SUNY, Downstate Medical School Brooklyn, New York, USA
Jens Rassweiler
University of Heidelberg Heilbronn, Germany
John C. Thomas
Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s
Hospital. at Vanderbilt, TN, USA
John Denstedt
University of Western Ontario London
ON, Canada
Jonathan I. Epstein
The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
Jorge Gutierrez-Aceves
Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center
NC, USA
Jorge Hallak
Fac. de Med. Univ. de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
José Carlos Truzzi
Universidade de Santo Amaro
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Jose Gadú Campos
Hosp Central Militar Mexico, City Mexico
Jose J. Correa
Ces University Medellin
Medelin, CO
Joseph L. Chin
University of Western Ontario London
ON, Canada
Juan G. Corrales Riveros
Clínica Ricardo Palma
Lima, Perú
Julio Pow-Sang
Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa
FL, USA
Karim Kader
Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Karthik Tanneru
University of Florida
Jacksonville, USA
Katia R. M. Leite
Universidade de São Paulo, USP
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Laurence Baskin
University California San Francisco
San Francisco, CA, USA
Leandro Koifman
Hospital Municipal Souza Aguiar
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Leonardo Abreu
Universidade Estácio de Sá
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Liang Cheng
Indiana University Sch. Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
Lisias N. Castilho
Fac. de Med. Univ. de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro
Niterói, RJ, Brasil
Luca Incrocci
Erasmus Mc-Daniel Cancer Ctr. Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Lucas Nogueira
Univ. Fed. de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Luis H. Braga
McMaster University Hamilton
Ontario, CA
M. Chad Wallis
University of Utah Salt Lake City
Utah, USA
M. Manoharan
University of Miami Sch. Med. Miami
FL, USA
Marcelo Wroclawski
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Marco Arap
Hospital Sírio Libanês,
São Paulo, Brasil
Marcos Giannetti Machado
Hospital das Clínicas da USP,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Marcos Tobias-Machado
Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
Santo André, SP, Brasil
Márcio Josbete Prado
Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
Marcos F. Dall’Oglio
Universidade de São Paulo – USP,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Mariano Gonzalez
Dept Urology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos
Aires, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Margaret S. Pearle
University of Texas Southwestern
Dallas, TX, USA
Matthew C. Biagioli
Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa
FL, USA
Mauricio Rubinstein
Univ. Fed. do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Michael B. Chancellor
William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak, MI, USA
Miguel Zerati Filho
Inst. of Urologia e Nefrologia S. J. do Rio Preto, SJRP, SP, Brasil
Monish Aron
Cleveland Clinic Foundation Los Angeles, CA, USA
Monthira Tanthanuch
Prince of Songkla University
Haad Yai, Thailand
Paulo Palma
Univ. Est. de Campinas – UNICAMP
Campinas, SP, Brasil
Paulo R. Monti
Univ. Federal do Triângulo Mineiro
Uberaba, MG, Brasil
Paulo Rodrigues
Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Rafael Carrion
Univ. of South Florida Tampa
FL. USA
Ralf Anding
University Hospital Friederich Wilhelms, University Bonn, Germany
Ralph V. Clayman
Univ. California Irvine Med. Ctr.
Orange, CA, USA
Ricardo Almeida Júnior
Department of Urology,
University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Ricardo Autorino
University Hospitals Urology Institute
OH, USA
Ricardo Bertolla
Univ. Fed. São Paulo – UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Ricardo Miyaoka
Univ. Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
Ricardo Reges
Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFCE, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
Rodrigo Krebs
Univ. Federal do Paraná – UFPR
Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Rodolfo Montironi
Università Politecnica delle Marche
Region Ancona, Italy
Roger R. Dmochowski
Vanderbilt University Sch. Med.
Nashville, TN, USA
Sean P. Elliott
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, USA
Simone Sforza
Unit of Oncologic Minimally
Invasive Urology and Andrology,
Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
Stephen Y. Nakada
University of Wisconsin
Madison, WI, USA
Tariq Hakki
University of South Florida
Tampa, FL, USA
Tristan Dellavedova
FUCDIM, Cordoba, Argentina
Truls E. Bjerklund Johansen
Aarhus University Hospital
Aarhus, Denmark
Ubirajara Barroso Jr.
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brasil
Ubirajara Ferreira
Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
Victor Srougi
Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Vipu R. Patel
University of Central Florida
Orlando, FL, USA
Vincent Delmas
Université René Descartes
Paris, France
Wade J. Sexton
Moffitt Cancer Center
Tampa, FL, USA
Waldemar S. Costa
Univ. Est. do Rio de Janeiro – Uerj
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Walter Henriques da Costa
Hospital da Santa Casa de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Wassim Kassouf
McGill University
Montreal, Canada
Wilfrido Castaneda
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, USA
William Nahas
Fac. de Med. da Univ. de São Paulo
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Wojtek Rowinski
Univ of Warmia and Mazury Olsztyn
Poland
Wolfgang Weidner
Justus-Liebig Univ Giessen
Giessen, Germany
FORMER EDITORS
Alberto Gentile(Founder)
(1975 – 1980)
Lino L. Lenz
(1981)
Rubem A. Arruda
(1982 – 1983)
Gilberto Menezes de Góes
(1984 – 1985)
Sami Arap
(1986 – 1987)
Nelson Rodrigues Netto Jr.
(1988 – 1993)
Sami Arap
(1994 – 1997)
Sérgio D. Aguinaga
(1998 – 1999)
Francisco J. B. Sampaio
(2000 – 2010)
Miriam Dambros
(2011)
Sidney Glina
(2012 – 2019)
Luciano Alves Favorito
(2020 – )
EDITORIAL PRODUCTION
Ricardo de Morais
EDITORIAL ANALYST
Bruno Nogueira
GRAPHIC DESIGNER
Patrícia Gomes
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT
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Telephone: +55 21 2246-4003
E-mail: brazjurol@brazjurol.com.br
The International Braz J Urol, ISSN: 1677-5538 (printed version) and ISSN: 1677-6119 (electronic version) is the Offi cial Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology– SBU, is published 6 times a year (bimonthly, starting in January – February).
Intellectual Property: CC-BY – All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.. Copyright by Brazilian Society of Urology.
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DISCLAIMER
The authored articles and editorial comments, opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations in the International Braz J Urol are solely those of the individual authors and contributors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Journal and the Brazilian Society of Urology. Also, their publication in the International Braz J Urol does not imply any endorsement. The publication of advertisements in the International Braz J Urol, although expecting to conform to ethical standards, is not a warranty, endorsement or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality, or safety. Medicine is a science that constantly and rapidly advances, therefore, independent verification of diagnosis and drug usage should be made. The Journal is not responsible for any injury to persons caused by usage of products, new ideas and dosage of drugs proposed in the manuscripts.